CONTENT

• CONTENT
• 1. SYSTEM LOGIN
• 2. USER INTERFACE
  • 2.1. Main menu
  • 2.2. Diagrams
    • 2.2.1. Control
  • 2.3. Analysis
    • 2.3.1. Real-time data analysis
      • 2.3.1.1. Devices, objects
      • 2.3.1.2. Statuses
      • 2.3.1.3. Time
    • 2.3.2. Metering data analysis
    • 2.3.3. Receipt of metering data form
    • 2.3.4. Device diagnostic
  • 2.4. Logs
    • 2.4.1. Technology events
    • 2.4.2. Camcoders
    • 2.4.3. Power quality
    • 2.4.4. Waveforms
    • 2.4.5. Device events
    • 2.4.6. System events
    • 2.4.7. User comments log
    • 2.4.8. All events log
    • 2.4.9. Custom logs
  • 2.5. Reports
    • 2.5.1. Flexible reports
    • 2.5.2. Power quality reports
    • 2.5.3. Short circuit currents
  • 2.6. Operative journal
  • 2.7. Widgets
  • 2.8. Sound alerts
  • 2.9. Pop-up messages
• BASIC ABBREVIATIONS

1. SYSTEM LOGIN

Users, including the administrator, log in to CENTO through a web interface. The software supports web browsers such as Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, etc.

To launch the CENTO software web interface, enter the IP address or DNS address of the server on which CENTO software is installed in the address bar of your web browser, for example, http://192.168.80.10 or https://demo.centosoftware.com/. When working with the system directly on the server where the CENTO software is installed, enter http://127.0.0.1 in the web browser's address bar.

After entering the address, the user is redirected to the authorization page, which includes fields for username and password input (see Fig. 1.1).

Figure 1.1. Authorization page

To log in to the system, enter a username and password in the appropriate fields and click Login to confirm. If the username and/or password are incorrect, a message appears: User with the entered parameters not found! In this case, verify the entered data or contact the system administrator.

If the login is successful, the web browser displays the CENTO software web interface panel (see Fig. 2.1).

Figure 1.2. Main panel

If necessary, the system administrator can set any other CENTO interface page as the start page for each user role.

The CENTO software provides flexible user access rights configured by the system administrator. By default, all users have permission to view CENTO pages but are restricted from modifying system settings.

To log in as a different user, move the mouse pointer to the drop-down menu in the upper right corner of the interface and select Logout from the list (see Fig. 1.3).

Figure 1.3. System logout

As a result, the user is redirected back to the authorization page (see Fig. 1.1).

When properly configured, functions (pages) that are inaccessible to the user do not appear in the menu and cannot be accessed. However, if the user manually enters a direct link to a restricted page in the browser address bar, a message indicating that access is denied will appear (see Fig. 1.4).

Figure 1.4. Access is denied

2. USER INTERFACE

2.1. Main menu

The upper part of the user interface has a pinned main menu (see Fig. 2.1), which is used to switch between different pages and sections of the CENTO software web interface, as well as a status bar that displays current events and system time. Below is the working area of the CENTO software web interface, which is different for each software section.

Figure 2.1. Main menu (left side)

The Main menu provides the following main functional sections of CENTO software:

Switching to the start page (can be different for each role)

Selecting a diagram to be displayed

Real-time data, metering data, receipt of metering data presented in tabular form and as interactive charts

Event logs for both the system as a whole and its individual components

Reports on data entry into the system (Flexible reports. Power quality reports. Short-circuit currents)

Detailed configuration of CENTO software. Administration and system setup

The upper right side of the screen has a part of the menu that controls notifications and authorization (see Fig. 2.2).

Figure 2.2. Main menu (right part)

Button to enable/disable the operative events log, which also shows the number of currently acknowledged events

Button to enable/disable widgets

Button to enable/disable sound notifications

Button to enable/disable pop-up messages

The interface automatically scales to fit the size of the browser window. Additionally, full-screen mode can be activated by selecting Full screen from the drop-down menu in the upper right corner of the interface (see Fig. 2.3). Full-screen mode can also be toggled by pressing the F11 key on the keyboard.

Figure 2.3. Drop-down menu

2.2. Diagrams

This main menu item contains a list of diagrams for displaying information being processed by CENTO software. Developing diagrams for displaying information in CENTO software is described in the “Diagrams Development Manual”.  Fig. 2.4. - 2.7. show examples of diagrams.

Figure 2.4. Power industry

Figure 2.5. Engineering infrastructure

Figure 2.6. Diagnostics

Figure 2.7. Technology

The upper right corner of the diagram viewer window has navigation and control buttons.

The scale of the diagrams is adjusted by scrolling the mouse wheel, or by clicking the buttons in the upper right corner of the viewing area Zoom in or Zoom out 

The Scale button  is used to adjust the size of the diagram within the screen automatically.

The displayed diagrams can be printed or exported to separate files with a .png extension and saved on a local computer. Please note, such files are immutable and serve to display data for a certain period. To do this, click the Export button  in the right side of the screen.

The icon  means that a diagram has hidden objects, which can be seen by clicking this icon. Usually, these clarifying data are hidden by default to avoid cluttering the diagram.

The Set grounding icon is created by the installer on electrical diagrams if installing the portable grounding is needed. To use it, click on the icon, the mouse pointer turns into a grounding symbol. Left-click in the place where grounding is to be installed, then fill in the Portable grounding pop-up window (see Fig. 2.8).

Figure 2.8. Portable grounding

The Dispatch marks icon allows opening the dispatch marks log (see Fig. 2.9), which displays a list of all objects with dispatcher tags assigned to them. The tree on the left side of the screen allows selecting an object, and its tags are displayed on the right side of the screen.

Figure 2.9. Dispatch marks log

In the same interface, assigned tags can be removed using the Remove button. It is also possible to download the list of changes in Excel format.

The Playback mode icon  enables the diagram history viewing mode. After clicking on this icon, the playback interface appears on the bottom of the screen (see Fig. 2.10). Here the user can select the time in the calendar and click on the Play button . As a result, the diagram displays dynamic state of all objects in the time selected by the user.

Figure 2.10. Diagrams player interface

If the user has the right to edit diagrams, the Edit button  is displayed on the right in the viewing area. When clicked, the displayed diagram opens with the built-in diagram editor menu. Switching between diagrams is done in the Active schemes tree displayed in the left part of the screen when the button  is pressed (see Fig. 2.11).

In the Active schemes menu, the user can use the minimize tree button as well  as the tree display settings button to choose whether to display objects according to the settings of the diagram positions (this function is only available if the user has administrator rights). 

The icon  pins the active diagram window, allowing the user to switch between diagrams without reopening the list each time.

Figure 2.11. Diagram viewing window with the diagram tree enabled

The diagram developer provides properties of objects on a diagram available to the user. These properties are available both by a left mouse click (see Fig. 2.12) and a right mouse click.

Left-clicking opens a brief passport of the object containing all its attributes. Depending on the settings, it can be data from several devices linked to the information model (see “Information Model. Setup Manual” for details), or data from one device, or data from one tag, as well as a description of the resulting values. Clicking on a value will take the user to the real-time data analysis to view the chart of the value.

Figure 2.12. Object menu available with left click

Right-clicking on an object opens a context menu with the following available items.

Figure 2.13. Object context menu is accessible with a right click

Measurements mean a full passport of the object (see Fig. 2.14). It contains a set of values similar to the short passport but in an extended form. In addition to the names of the tags and their values, this passport shows the id/codes of the tags, their statuses, the devices from which the tags are collected and the path in the device tree. Time of last tag modification (time when its value was changed) and time of last tag update (time of last successful retrieval of the tag value, the tag value itself may not have changed). The Manual entry column allows entering manually a value into the tag. If the tag has a description, the user can choose which value to select from the drop-down list.

The Setpoints button in the top right corner of the window opens the user interface for setting the setpoints presented in the tag passport. Here the user can modify these settings, add new ones or delete old ones.

The passport header shows the path to the object in the Information Model (IM) tree. The second line shows the object class name and object ID in the IM.

Figure 2.14. Object passport in the Measurements menu

Video is a menu item that, when clicked, opens the view of the video stream from the video surveillance camera (Fig. 2.15). The user can drag the video camera window on the diagram, resize it, open it in a separate window, as well as go to the general log of the object by left-clicking the icon 

Figure 2.15. Viewing video stream

Remote control is discussed in detail in the next paragraph of this manual.

Dispatch marks is a menu item that opens the window for adding dispatch marks. There are four types of marks: info, grounded, ban operation, and admission work. The user with appropriate rights can add, modify, and delete marks. Added marks are displayed as corresponding icons next to the object in the diagram and can be also used to block remote control of the object.

Figure 2.16. Dispatch marks interface

Reference information is a menu item that opens the help information window (Fig. 2.17). Help can store various object data, contacts of the service personnel, equipment characteristics, links to documents, and orders. With the appropriate rights, the information in the help can be modified directly in the diagram.

Figure 2.17. Reference information

Operative events journal is a menu item that opens the event log for a specific object. This log is like the Real-time data log (see paragraph 2.6 of this manual), except that it displays the last 100 events of an object selected by a user rather than the whole enterprise. The button clicked opens the general log with events already filtered by object (see paragraph 2.4 of this manual) to see the whole history. Other display settings are like those of the Operative events journal.

Figure 2.18. Object log

2.2.1. Control

Users with the appropriate permissions can control objects in CENTO. By default, the system grants this permission to users assigned the Dispatcher role. 

Control is available in the Devices, channels, and tags editor (used during the system configuration stage and described in the “Control Setup Manual”), as well as using the diagrams. 

On the diagram, when right-clicking a control object, a modal window appears. Depending on the settings and types of control objects, this window includes either a Remote control option (typically for objects with the On/Off control type, see Fig. 2.19) or an option named according to the control type (for objects that support numeric control commands, see Fig. 2.20).

Figure 2.19. Remote control

Figure 2.20. Control schedule

Figure 2.21. Entering the password on the diagram

When the correct password is entered, depending on the control type and settings, one of the following may appear:

- a window with a field for entering values (see Fig. 2.22)

Figure 2.22. Window with a field for entering the value

- a window with a field for selecting a named command (if command names corresponding to numeric values were preconfigured for this control type, see Fig. 2.23)

Figure 2.23. Window with the field for selecting the named command (1)

Figure 2.24. Window with the field for selecting the named command (2)

- a window prompting the selection of a remote control command (for remote control commands, see Fig. 2.25)

Figure 2.25. Window with the selection of the TC command

After entering a value in the field or selecting a named command, click OK (see Fig. 2.22, Fig. 2.24).

Then, click Execute to confirm the entered value. After that, the control command is executed and recorded to the object. Alternatively, the operation can be canceled by selecting Cancel (see Fig. 2.26).

Figure 2.26. Action confirmation

For remote control commands, confirmation using the Execute button occurs immediately after selecting a command On or Off (see Fig. 2.27).

Figure 2.27. Action confirmation

If the user does not complete the required actions to send the command before the control session times out (60 seconds by default), the system returns to the password confirmation window (see Fig. 2.21).

2.3. Analysis

This menu allows displaying information being processed by CENTO software in tabular form, with the ability to systematize and plot charts.

2.3.1. Real-time data analysis

The left part of the Real-time data analysis window contains trees for devices, objects, statuses, and time, located on the corresponding tabs (see Fig. 2.28).

Figure 2.28. Real-time data analysis

2.3.1.1. Devices, objects.

The device tree displays the structure of devices configured in CENTO software and the tags linked to them (see Fig. 2.29). The devices contain all the information sources from which CENTO receives data. The statuses of devices and tags are displayed to the left of the device names in the form of icons.

Figure 2.29. Device tree

The object tree shows the structure of the objects configured in the CENTO information model and the tags bound to them (see Fig. 2.30).

Figure 2.30. Object tree

Depending on the access rights assigned, the user can have access to both tabs (Devices, Objects), to one of them, access only to a part of objects, or access to both tabs can be denied (tabs are hidden in the interface).

Each device and each tag has a status. Statuses are diagnostic representations of device and tag conditions. Each status has its own graphical representation and its own code (number). 

Tables 2.1 and 2.2 show the statuses of the device and tags.

Table 2.1. Device statuses

Status Nr	Device status	Decoding
0		Disabled (device polling is disabled in CENTO software)
1		Normal (device is online, tags are polled without errors)
2		Data in the device with errors (some tags come with errors or are not polled)
3		Device unavailable (device polling is enabled, but the device is not responding)
4		Manual input data are present in the tags or channels for the device
9		Status is not available (status has not been received yet or is missing)

Table 2.2. Tag statuses

Status	Tag status	Decoding
0		Disabled (tag polling is disabled in CENTO software)
1		Normal (tag is polled without errors)
2		Processing error (tag value received with errors)
3		Receiving error (tag value do not received)
4		Manual input of tag value
5		Manual input in the arguments of the pre-calculated tag
6		Disabled device or protocol
8		Bad tag quality (tag received from device with bad quality or processing with a bad quality tag)
9		Status is unknown (status has not been received yet or is missing)

The right part of the screen (for both the Device and Object trees) has a window with three tabs: Real-time data, Chart, Table. The Real-time data tab is enabled by default. It contains a table of tags selected in the Device tree, or the Object tree; or a table of protocol and device statuses if the Statuses tab is opened. 

The Tag table (see Fig. 2.31) contains the following information:

Figure 2.31. Tag table in the Real-time data analysis

ID/Code is a tag identifier in the CENTO software configuration; ID is a mandatory unique parameter of the tag; code is an optional unique parameter of the tag. Clicking the button  allows to search by ID or code. Clicking the ID or code allows you to change the displayed identifier.

Status is an icon of the status (see the decoding in Table 2.2). It displays the time when the status value was last changed when the mouse pointer is moved. 

Name is a tag name. Click the button  to search by tag name.

Value is the last received tag value. It displays the time when the value was last changed when mouse pointer is moved.

This field is used for manual input. To perform manual input, it is necessary to click the value with the left mouse button, enter a new value, and two icons will appear in the right part of the field. Clicking on the first one performs the manual input until the value is received from a device. Clicking on the second one performs the manual input until cancelled by the user.

Object is the name of the object to which the tag is attached. Click the button  to search by object name. 

Device is the name of a device from which a tag comes. Click the button  to search by device name.

Last update time is the date and time (in the format "yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss") of the last successful tag value update (the tag value itself may not have changed).

The Chart tab displays the values of the tags selected in the Device Tree or the Object Tree in graph form (see Fig. 2.32)

Figure 2.32. Real-time data charts

The functionality of the Chart tab allows aggregating data (see fig. 2.33). Different aggregation intervals are available, from 1 minute to 1 day. After selecting an interval, select the aggregation method from the following options: average, minimum, maximum, sum, or thinning.

Figure 2.33. Data aggregation options

The user can send charts from the page for printing using the button 

The Refresh button setting and the next refresh period window allow refreshing the data on the charts and set the period with which the data is automatically refreshed. 

The button  opens the Chart settings menu (see Fig. 2.34). This menu allows selecting the chart type (columns or stepline) and its location (on one axis or on different axes). The user's choice of chart settings is remembered by the browser, and the next time the page is visited, the chart opens with the same settings. 

Figure 2.34. Chart settings menu

The depth of the chart display is set by the calendar located in the upper right corner of the screen (see Fig. 2.35). The data display period can be customized manually by selecting the day, month, year, and start and end times of the interval, or automatically by clicking the buttons with the ready-made periods below the calendar.

By default, the charts will open for a period of 20 minutes. To return to this interval, click on the reset time button on the right side of the calendar window.

Figure 2.35. Calendar for selecting the depth of data display

The grey bar to the left of the calendar contains the Download and Share buttons.

The Download button  allows the selected data to be downloaded to the user's computer. The download is available in XLS (Excel spreadsheet) and CSV (text format of tabular data representation) formats.

A file with the extension '.xlsx' is downloaded in XLS format. A zip archive containing two files: data.csv and meta.csv is downloaded in CSV format. The data.csv file contains tag IDs, timestamps, tag values and statuses. The meta.csv file contains the paths of selected tags in the device or object tree, measurement units and tag IDs.

The Share button  allows you to save the interface settings (selected tags, their order, time, aggregation setting) to the clipboard to send them to another user.

The chart functionality allows zooming in a selected portion of the selected interval by selecting it with the left mouse button on the chart. To return the chart display to the interval set in the calendar, click the button in the upper right corner of the chart. 

The user can add messages to the chart if they have the appropriate rights. To do this, place the mouse pointer on the chart, wait for the circle to appear, and click the left mouse button. A pop-up window will appear (see fig 2.36) where the user can enter a message, the type of event, and its severity level. After clicking Save, a label with the pop-up message appears on the chart. A new line containing the new event will appear in a separate log (paragraph 2.4.7).

Figure 2.36. User’s message on the chart

The Table tab displays the same data as the chart but in tabular form (see Fig. 2.37).

Figure 2.37. Table tab

By default, the system remembers the last page on which the User was and opens it the next time when accessing the Real-time data analysis interface.

At the bottom of the Chart and Table tabs, there are the navigation and chart display buttons.

By default, the Chart displays 5 charts. Using the number of charts field  allows displaying a different number of charts, but no more than 15. 

The Back and Forward buttons  allow moving the selected chart interval backwards and forwards. 

If the User selects more charts than fit the screen, navigation is activated . This allows the user to switch between the charts. The Table provides a similar function .

The height of the lines on the Real-time data, Table, and Time tabs can be adjusted. It is set by the administrator for all users of the system at the same time. Please refer to the “CENTO Setup Manual” for a description of the settings. 

2.3.1.2. Statuses

The Statuses tab (see Fig. 2.38) contains charts of the states of devices and their protocols. The tree structure repeats the structure of the Devices tab. The numbers next to the objects indicate How many devices in the branch are polled and have a good status (in green) / How many devices are polled but have a bad status (in red) / How many devices are disabled in the CENTO configuration (in gray).

Figure 2.38. Real-time data analysis in the Statuses tab tree

2.3.1.3. Time

The Time tab (see Fig. 2.39) is designed to monitor the time on devices capable of transmitting their internal time to CENTO. For such devices to appear in the interface, the time should be collected into a tag named, for example, Device time, using a string in the format YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS. On the Time tab, the name Device time is entered by a user with Administrator rights in the settings window, which is opened by clicking the button . 

Fig. 2.39 - Real-time data analysis: Time tab. 

2.3.2. Metering data analysis

CENTO has tools for working with metering data (electricity, energy resources, operating hours, emissions, etc.). Data is presented to the user in both tabular and graphical formats. Users can choose the chart display style, the period for which data should be shown, aggregate data, and generate reports and data tables in Excel format.

To view historical metering data, select Metering data from the Analysis drop-down menu. This opens the Analysis of data metering page (see Fig. 2.40 - Fig. 2.41).

Figure 2.40. Analysis of the data metering page

Figure 2.41. Analysis of the data metering page

The top section of the left side of the screen displays the Devices and Objects tabs.

Depending on configured access rights, the user may have access to both tabs (Devices and Objects), to only one of them, to specific devices or objects only, or access to both tabs may be completely restricted, the tabs are hidden from the interface.

The Devices tab mirrors the structure of the main device tree, with an exception - it displays only those devices that collect metering data.

The Objects tab appears when the object tree is configured in the information model containing metering points and calculated channels. Using the information model allows metering points to be associated with various categories and types of consumers, production units, etc. The use of the Objects tab is described in more detail in the “Balances Setup Manual”.

In all other respects, working with the Devices tree and the Objects tree is identical. To view metering data, locate it in the tree and check the corresponding box. After that, all channels will be displayed in the right-hand panel of the interface. Search either by browsing the tree or using the search bar available. The button  resets all search results and collapses the tree to its original state.

The charts displayed in the right-hand panel can be aggregated using the aggregation drop-down menu (see Fig. 2.42). Several intervals are available, from one hour to one year. After selecting an interval, a window appears to select an aggregation function: sum, average, minimum, or maximum. It is important to note that the aggregation function is applied only to interval values. 

Figure 2.42. Aggregation of metering data

The chart refresh buttons  allow requesting updated data and configuring automatic data refresh on the page. Clicking the button  opens the chart settings window (see Fig. 2.43). Using this menu selects the chart type (bar or step), the chart layout (on one axis or on different axes), and enables vertical axis display starting from zero. 

Figure 2.43. Chart settings menu

Below the chart are navigation buttons and display control fields. The left field  specifies how many charts to display per page. By default, this is 5; the maximum is 15. The Back and Forward buttons scroll through the days for which the chart is displayed. On the right side  , navigation allows switching between pages if all selected charts do not fit on a single page. 

The Table tab displays the same data shown in the charts but in tabular form. Additionally, if the user has the appropriate permissions, manual data entry is available. To enter data, hover the cursor over the desired cell in the table, left-click, and enter the new value. Then, a Save value appears on the right side of the input field. Click this icon or press Enter on the keyboard to save the value to the CENTO database. For devices that support only manual data entry, CENTO has a function to automatically fill in cells between two manually entered values. For example, if readings are entered for 10:00 and then for 20:00, the system automatically fills in all intermediate half-hour intervals, as well as the corresponding energy and power values.

Manual entry of metering data is also available using Excel or another suitable editor, as described below.

Above the chart area, on a gray bar, the Download, Upload, Share buttons, and a calendar are displayed.

The calendar  allows selecting the time interval for which the chart will be displayed (see Fig. 2.44). Fixed intervals are also available to the left of the calendar field. The reset button restores the current date in the calendar. 

Figure 2.44. Calendar

The Share button  generates a link that can be sent to another user allowing them to open the same set of charts, dates, aggregations, and settings via that link. 

The Download  button allows downloading the selected metering channels to the user's computer in .xlsx format. 

The downloaded file can be used for manual entry of metering data. To perform manual entry, open the file in an editor (Excel or another suitable application). Then enter the new data into the fields, mark them in bold font, and save the file. Next, upload the saved file by clicking the Upload button in the CENTO interface. This opens the file upload window with instructions (see Fig. 2.45)

Figure 2.45. File upload

Uploading metering data, either in general or for specific devices, depends on the user's configured access rights.

2.3.3. Receipt of metering data form

When selecting the Receipt of metering data item from the Analysis menu, the Analysis of the receipt of data page opens (see Fig. 2.46).

Figure 2.46. Analysis of the receipt of data

Analysis of the receipt of data is a table containing a list of available devices with their ID numbers and codes, as well as the number of time intervals for which the server has received data from the metering devices relative to the total number of intervals (see Fig. 2.47).

The left panel displays a device tree like the one in the Analysis of data metering interface. Each object shows the number of received and expected intervals. If the numbers match, both are displayed in the same color. If any intervals are missing, the first number is highlighted in red. Devices or objects can be located either through the tree or by using the search bar.

To the right of the search bar, there are two icons. The Reset icon  clears the previous search results and collapses the tree. The Filter icon  enables filtering by collected channels. When the Data gaps checkbox is selected, only those devices with missing data will remain visible in the tree. This functionality simplifies the process of identifying devices with missing data for subsequent re-polling. 

In the right section of the interface, data receipt profiles for each device are generated based on the received intervals. 

Figure 2.47. Pop-up tooltips on the data receipt chart

The first column of the table contains either the device ID or code, which can be toggled between. Next, the device name (channels) is displayed.

The third column shows the data availability profile. When hovering the mouse pointer over the upper breakpoints of the chart (see Fig. 2.44), a tooltip displays the time when the last interval before the gap was received (the first interval after the gap). The tooltip at the lower breakpoints shows the time of the first (or last) interval within the data receipt gap.

The fourth column shows the ratio of received intervals to the number of expected intervals.

Above the table, there are two buttons: Interrogate and Refresh.

The Interrogate button sends a request to the polling service to retrieve the archive from the selected device for the specified interval. After pressing the button, a message appears on the screen indicating the number of devices being polled and the time interval. If a warning appears stating that the operation may take a long time (see Fig. 2.48), reduce the number of devices or shorten the polling depth.

Figure 2.48. Message displayed when the number of devices or polling depth exceeds the limit

The Refresh button  re-polls data from the database for the status.

In addition to the Refresh and Interrogate buttons, a Calculate button may appear on the gray interface panel. This button appears when devices bound to calculated channels are selected in the tree. These calculated channels display similarly to regular ones, but their data is derived from other channels or tags. If a calculated channel is based on data from other channels, it can be recalculated using the Calculate button. This functionality is necessary when the source data or formula of such a channel has changed.

At the very top of the interface on the gray panel, there is a calendar like the one in the Analysis of data metering section.

The Receipt of metering data interface depends on the user’s configured access rights.

2.3.4. Device diagnostic

If the user has the appropriate rights, device diagnostics is available in the Analysis menu by selecting the Device diagnostic from the drop-down list (see Fig. 2.49).

Figure 2.49. Device diagnostics interface

This interface is used to control the polling status of the devices on the object. The left part of the screen displays the device tree. Selecting the required object will display all its devices in the right field. Each object has a numerical description of the device status: Enabled devices (in green) / Disabled, with bad status (in red) / Disconnected devices (in gray).

The user can use the button  to reset the selection and to minimize the tree.

The diagnostic field displays devices highlighted in three colors: red if the device does not respond or responds with errors (bad status), green if the status is good, and gray if the device is disconnected in the CENTO software.

When hovering the mouse pointer over a device, a pop-up window appears with all the device protocols and their statuses (see Fig. 2.50)

Figure 2.50. Hovering the mouse pointer over a device

Three control buttons are displayed in the top right corner of the screen.

The Settings button  opens the window for customizing the diagnostics display (see Fig. 2.51). Here the user can change the width of the screen and the number of columns in which the device bars are placed. 

Figure 2.51. Settings menu

The Filter button  allows filtering the devices displayed in the scheme by status and type (Fig. 2.52). 

Figure 2.52. Filters menu

The Scale button  adjusts the scheme to the window size. 

2.4. Logs.

This menu item contains a set of logs available depending on the license and access rights. The full list of standard logs includes Technology events, Camcoders, Waveforms, Power quality, Device events, System events, and All Events. Additionally, the user can add custom logs.

Each log displays a list of events in a table indicating the date and time of each event, event description, associated object and device, as well as the event type and severity level (see Fig. 2.53) 

Figure 2.53. Logs

Each event also receives a color code based on its importance level. The colors are configured by users with administrator rights through the event settings interface.

The user can change the number of records displayed per page and filter data using the filters located in each column to the right of the header.

Table columns marked with the icon  are sortable. Columns marked with the icon  support searching. Columns Object and Device include built-in configuration trees, the IM tree and the device tree, respectively.

Switching between logs is performed using the buttons located to the left of the logs table.
The log offers several settings:

The Calendar  opens a menu to set the period for which data is requested. 

- Exporting selected data to MS Excel.

- Button to add a custom log.

- Buttons to edit and delete custom logs.

- Buttons to control data refresh on the browser page. By default, all logs are static (unlike the Operative events journal described later), loading only the information available at page opening. The drop-down list in the auto-refresh field allows receiving new events at a selected interval.

- Button to collapse the list of logs.

- Button to configure log display, available only to users with Administrator rights by default. This opens the settings window (see Fig. 2.54) to set the row height and the method of displaying device paths. The user can choose how many tree levels to show, starting from the device, or hide starting from the tree root.

Figure 2.54. Log display settings

2.4.1. Technology events

The Technology events log displays events related to technological processes monitored by the system. These include any events specifically configured during system setup - each event is assigned a message text, logic based on tag values or data quality, and additional settings. Examples of such events include changes in the position of switching devices, opening/closing of dampers, and other technological process changes. Setpoints and control commands are also considered technology events.

2.4.2. Camcoders

The Camcoders is a log containing a list of recordings from video cameras stored on a dedicated video server. All video recordings are bound to objects in the information model, which simplifies the search for specific videos. Recordings can be viewed directly in the CENTO interface or downloaded to the User's computer. The log is available with the appropriate license.

2.4.3. Power quality

The Power Quality log displays events generated by devices having power quality monitoring function. This type of event notifies users when power quality parameters exceed the thresholds defined in the monitoring device. The log is available with the appropriate license. 

2.4.4. Waveforms

The Waveforms log is a table that contains a list of waveforms collected from fault event recorders (see Fig. 2.55).

Figure 2.55. Waveforms log

The user can open a waveform directly in the interface (see Fig. 2.56) or download it in COMTRADE format (for further viewing using an alternative waveform viewer) using the Download button in the File column of the table. 

Figure 2.56. Waveform viewer

More detailed information on waveform viewing can be found in the “Waveform Viewing Manual”.

This log is available with the appropriate license.

2.4.5. Device events

The Device events log is a list of events provided by the devices (metering devices) in a table with the time of each event, the device bound to the event, as well as the causes and sources of the event (see Fig. 2.57).

Figure 2.57. Device events log

2.4.6. System events

The System events log displays information about changes to the CENTO settings. System events include configuration changes (adding, modifying, or deleting parameters, devices, communication protocols, elements of the information model, diagrams, reports), recalculation and manual input of parameters, sending remote control commands, creating, editing, and deleting user accounts, changing access rights, and more. It also covers automatic generation, automatic time synchronization with devices, and server role changes (for redundant configurations).

The System events log shows the names of the users responsible for each event.

2.4.7. User comments log

The User comments log (see Fig. 2.58) contains events generated based on user-entered comments on charts in the Real-time data analysis section (see section 2.3.1.1).

Figure 2.58. User comments log

2.4.8. All events log

The All events log aggregates all events received across all logs.

2.4.9. Custom logs

Each User with appropriate rights can create custom logs by selecting the specific events they need.

To create a custom log, click Add log under the list of logs on the left side of the screen. This opens the Events log configuration window on the right side of the screen (see Fig. 2.59).

Fields marked with an asterisk  are mandatory for creating a log.

The preset event attribute filter fields allow filtering events from selected source logs and display only relevant ones in the custom log.

In addition to filtering, the User can show or hide any log fields and use drag-and-drop using the filter icon  to arrange their order.

Figure 2.59. Events log configuration

After clicking Save, a new log  appears in the event logs toolbar. To edit a custom log, click the Settings icon on the log’s button. To delete a log, click the Trash bin icon.

Custom logs are visible only to the user who created them.

2.5. Reports

The Reports menu includes Flexible reports (included in the CENTO basic version), Power quality (license required), Short circuit (license required).

2.5.1. Flexible reports

When selecting Flexible reports in the Reports drop-down list, the Flexible reports page opens (see Fig. 2.60). 

Figure 2.60. Flexible reports

CENTO flexible reports are designed for creating, editing, exporting/importing reports in .xlsx format based on collected data. This function allows creating reports of any format and composition.

The rules for creating, generating, editing, and deleting flexible reports are described in the "Flexible reports. Setup manual".

2.5.2. Power quality reports

When selecting Power quality in the Reports drop-down list, the Power quality reports page opens (see Fig. 2.61)

Figure 2.61. Power quality reports

To operate this service, the CENTO configuration installed on the server should include the Power Quality module and the corresponding license, and power quality analyzers should be properly connected and configured on the server.

The left panel of the interface displays a device tree like the main device tree, but it includes only those devices in whose configuration the power quality control data retrieval protocol has been added.

 After selecting a device by checking its box, a table of available reports on the right panel under the Report tab becomes available. Next, select the desired time interval in the calendar and download the report by clicking the button in the Actions column of the table. 

The Statistics collection tab shows the days on which the device did not send a power quality report

2.5.3. Short circuit currents

CENTO allows calculating of short-circuit current. To calculate them, the Short-circuit current calculation module and the license are required. 

2.6. Operative journal

The Operative (events) journal is called by pressing the button  in the CENTO software main menu. It is a window with two areas: on the left there is the area for selecting the types of events to be displayed, on the right there is a list of events with the event date (see Fig. 2.62).

Figure 2.62. Operative events journal window

The Operative events journal always overlays the rest of the information on the page.

Clicking the button  in the upper right corner expands the Operative events journal to the full size of the browser window. 

The size of the journal window can be adjusted by dragging the lower right corner while holding down the left mouse button.

To recognize the type of event and its severity level, each line of the operative journal has an icon characterizing the event in the beginning. These icons can be modified or supplemented during system setup.

When selecting the All events tab in the left area of the Operative events journal, the last 100 events formed by the system are displayed on the right side of the journal.

There are two types of events in CENTO software: single and start/end events. The start/end events allow displaying events in the active state in a separate tab (for example, ground in a network with an isolated neutral, Opening an emergency exit door). An event reporting the triggering of this important state is given the status Active. An event that signals the end of an important state removes the Active status from the first event.

These two events are start/end events: the second event closes the first one.

The remaining events (regardless of their importance) are classified as single events.

The tab  of the Operative events journal shows active events on the right side of the window. Both events (active and closing) are displayed in the log of all events independently of one another.

The events can be communicated to the user (by sound and pop-up alerts) on the diagrams. Depending on the settings, the alerts can last for a specified time or until the user reacts to them. The last ones are called acknowledgeable.

The number of unacknowledged events is displayed on the operative events journal icon of the main menu: 

Acknowledged events are displayed in a general list in the log of all events. To see all unacknowledged events separately, go to the Operative events journal.

To acknowledge this event, the user has to click on the icon in the line of the event.

The button  on the tab  allows to acknowledge all events with one click (see Fig. 2.63)

Figure 2.63. Unacknowledged events in the operative events journal

The icon  in the lower left corner of the Operative events journal window opens the journal setting (see Fig. 2.64).

Figure 2.64. Operative events journal setting

Thus, the user can hide unnecessary columns, change their order by dragging objects behind the icon , as well as adjust the depth of the tree display in the Object column. To apply changes, click Save.

2.7. Widgets.

The Widgets (operative monitoring widgets) are used to display real-time data to be constantly visible to the operator. The widget's data overlays all other interface elements. The widget is enabled or disabled by left-clicking the icon  in the main menu (see Fig. 2.1).

To open the widget menu (see Fig. 2.65), right-click the same button. 

Figure 2.65. Widget menu

This menu allows adding new widgets, as well as hiding or deleting existing ones.

Click Add widget to open the widget customization window (see Fig. 2.66).

Figure 2.66. Widget menu

To add parameters to display in the widget, check the boxes next to the required devices in the device tree.

A list of parameters bound to the selected devices appears in the table to the right of the tree.

 Select the required parameters and click the button (see Fig. 2.67).

Figure 2.67. Adding parameters to the widget

To remove parameters from the widget, select the parameters to be removed in the table on the right and click the button .

By default, a new widget is named New widget. To change its name, click the icon  on the top of the widget customization window. 

To customize displaying of the widget name and the units of measure Fig. 2.68), activate or deactivate the Show widget name and Show units of measure switches in the upper right corner of the widget customization window.

After saving, the new widget is available for activation.

Figure 2.68. Displaying data using the widget

2.8. Sound alerts.

CENTO software supports the playback of sound notifications when events occur (the number of sound repetitions, or repetitions until acknowledgement can be set). Sound alerts

can be turned on and off by clicking the Sound notifications icon  in the CENTO software main menu.

Right-clicking on the icon  opens the sound control window (see Fig. 2.69).

Figure 2.69. Sound control window

This window allows turning on and off sounds, adjusting the volume, and checking the sound alerts.

Sounds can be turned on and off by clicking the On/Off icon . 

The volume is adjusted by the slider.

The user may experience problems playing sounds due to browser settings. Therefore, it is recommended to check for the appropriate permissions in the used version of the browser if there are no sounds.

2.9. Pop-up messages

The user can learn about an event through pop-up messages. These messages appear in the lower right corner of the CENTO software window on top of other information (see Fig. 2.70).

Figure 2.70. Pop-up message window

Pop-up messages can be turned on and off by clicking the icon  in the CENTO software main menu. Pop-up messages disappear from the screen automatically. The user can also close the pop-up window manually by clicking in the upper right corner of the message.

BASIC ABBREVIATIONS

IM – information model