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Wiki source code of 3. Metering Channels

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1 = CONTENT =
2
3 {{toc/}}
4
5 = 1. INTRODUCTION =
6
7 CENTO is a multifunctional software platform for data collection, processing, and display. This Guide contains a description of setting up metering of electricity, energy resources, as well as other types of metering.
8
9 It is assumed that the user, having read the instructions "User manual" and "Setup manual", is already familiar with the main elements of the interface and how to configure CENTO.
10
11 = 2. ELECTRICITY METERING =
12
13 == 2.1. Device setup ==
14
15 CENTO software can work with a variety of metering devices that have the ability to measure and store power and power profiles. The metering function is enabled by adding the metering protocol corresponding to the device on the **Device editing** page (Settings > Devices, tags, channels > Devices), then, similar to other polling protocols, the parameters of communication with the device (RTU address, TCP/UDP port, timeout and number of connection attempts) and scheduled polling parameters (cron of CENTO rules) are specified, to configure electricity metering, the file number is specified in the "File#" field,  which stores power and power profiles.
16
17 We will consider the survey of historical data of interval values of accumulated electricity using the example of SATEC devices. For this purpose, the// SATEC (Modbus TCP)// protocol is used (see Fig 2.1).
18
19 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-27 at 18.53.58.png||height="914" width="932"]]
20
21 Figure 2.1. Settings of the E/E metering protocol
22
23 Setting up the E/E metering protocol contains the following fields:
24
25 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-27 at 18.56.14.png||height="63" width="404"]]
26
27 Selection of the accounting protocol from the drop-down list and its inclusion in the survey.
28
29 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-27 at 18.56.53.png||height="112" width="404"]]
30
31 Setting up a poll according to the Cron rule (there can be several) with set attempts and timeouts.
32
33 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-27 at 18.57.26.png||height="146" width="408"]]
34
35 Specifying the network address of the device and the port for the TCP connection.
36
37 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-27 at 18.57.54.png||height="96" width="93"]]
38
39 Serial number of the E/E metering data file in the device's memory (for devices of the Satec type).
40
41 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-27 at 18.58.26.png||height="80" width="144"]]
42
43 Device administrator password.
44
45 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-27 at 18.58.55.png||height="114" width="406"]]
46
47 Coefficients of conversion of interval values of readings/power (depends on the type of metering device, as well as on the type of connection (direct or with measuring transformers).
48
49 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-27 at 18.59.34.png||height="106" width="410"]]
50
51 Transformation coefficients of current and voltage transformers, meter coefficient.
52
53 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-27 at 19.00.09.png||height="88" width="217"]]
54
55 Specifying the TCP connection number for parallel polling of one device (for example, if the device is connected via a Modbus TCP/Modbus RTU converter, then the number of the trunk to which the device is connected is specified).
56
57 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-27 at 19.00.46.png||height="77" width="216"]]
58
59 Selection of energy/power profile.
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61 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-27 at 19.01.19.png||height="152" width="406"]]
62
63 Enabling/disabling the time synchronization of the device on the CENTO side, with the configured period of maximum time correction in seconds, as well as the permissible deviation.
64
65 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-27 at 19.01.49.png||height="240" width="133"]]
66
67 Enabling/disabling a particular channel.
68
69 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-27 at 19.02.20.png||height="68" width="285"]]
70
71 Serial number of the record (metering channel) in the E/E metering data file in the device's memory (for devices of the Satec type).
72
73 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-27 at 19.02.51.png||height="100" width="291"]]
74
75 When this option is enabled, the specified numbers of energy and power files are not taken into account.
76
77 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-27 at 19.03.24.png||height="101" width="98"]]
78
79 Enabling/disabling reading logs from the device.
80
81 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-27 at 19.03.56.png||height="205" width="98"]]
82
83 Rounding of channels.
84
85 Viewing and changing the metering parameters in the memory of the metering device is carried out in accordance with the instructions of the operating manual for this device.
86
87 == 2.2. Setting up metering channels ==
88
89 Electricity meters often do not need to manually add channels to the list of tags, so all the settings are in the metering protocol.  The display of the used accounting channels from the protocol automatically appears on the **Tags, channels** tab, but with a ban on editing actions.
90
91 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-27 at 19.06.17.png]]
92
93 Figure 2.2. Display of metering channels
94
95 Clicking on the channel name or its ID, redirects to the **Device editing: editing** page, as shown in Fig. 2.1.
96
97 The forms for filling in the fields for setting up electricity metering protocols are different and depend on the type/model of the device, instructions for working with the protocols can be described in different manuals and, if necessary, provided to the User.
98
99 = 3. ENERGY METERING (COMING) =
100
101 == 3.1. Device Setup (Coming) ==
102
103 = 4. OTHER TYPES OF METERING =
104
105
106 In addition to metering electricity and energy resources, the CENTO software supports tracking of operating time, emissions and discharges, as well as product accounting.
107
108 Metering can be implemented not only on the basis of specialized metering devices, but also performed in the CENTO software itself on the basis of tags (real-time data). For example, using information about the state of the equipment (0 - disabled and 1- enabled), the user can set up a metering channel that will calculate the operating time of the equipment. And using the processing functions (see Section 5 of this manual), you can form metering channels (increments) from the current capacity, instantaneous flow or an ever-growing meter.
109
110 = 5. CALCULATED CHANNELS =
111
112 If the device installed at any connection does not have the function of storing interval values of electricity/power in the memory, as well as archived values for other types of metering, CENTO has the function of generating interval values from tags (real-time data). In order to create a metering channel, go to Settings > Devices, tags, channels > Calculation channels (see Fig. 5.1).
113
114 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.26.53.png]]
115
116 Figure 5.1. List of calculated channels
117
118 == 5.1. Channel from tag ==
119
120 To create a new metering channel from real-time data (tags), click the button [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.28.39.png||height="18" width="92"]]
121
122 Then the **Channel from tag:**
123
124 **editing** page opens. When adjusting an already created metering channel, the page **Channel from tag: editing** will open (see Fig.  5.2).
125
126 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.29.45.png||height="596" width="724"]]
127
128 Figure 5.2. Channel from tag: editing
129
130 On the page that opens, specify the name of the channel, its ID (it is written automatically when created, and it does not change for the existing one) and the Code (an optional field), the category of the parameter – electricity/energy resources/technology/emissions/diagnostics/time and the corresponding categories of units of measurement, whether the metering channel has metrological significance, and also fill in the fields:
131
132 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.30.29.png||height="55" width="219"]]
133
134 ID of the tag on the basis of which the calculation channel will be created.
135
136 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.30.53.png||height="316" width="483"]]
137
138 Selection of the device in the object tree from which the specified tag ID is taken.
139
140 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.31.25.png||height="178" width="483"]]
141
142 Function for processing parameter values.
143
144 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.31.55.png||height="312" width="482"]]
145
146 Value aggregation interval.
147
148 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.32.28.png||height="153" width="478"]]
149
150 Processing the calculated channel with formula input.
151
152 == 5.2. Calculated channel ==
153
154 To create a channel that processes the values of several connections, or interval values, for example, summing up electricity consumption by a group of consumers (total energy consumption) or calculating the balance of consumed energy, click the button on the **Calculated channels** tab (see Fig. 4.1), then click [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.33.58.png||height="22" width="116"]]
155
156 When adjusting an already created metering channel, the **Settlement channel: editing** page opens (see Fig. 5.3).
157
158 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.34.28.png||height="540" width="739"]]
159
160 Figure 5.3. Metering channel: editing page
161
162 On the page that opens, specify the name of the channel, its ID (it is specified automatically when created, but it does not change for the existing one) and the Code (an optional field), the category of the parameter – electricity/energy resources/technology/emissions/diagnostics/time and the corresponding categories of units of measurement, the object and device to which the parameter will be linked.
163
164 In the **Template** field, specify the formula for processing the values of all parameters used in the calculation. The formula can use arithmetic operations, conditions, mathematical functions that are specified in [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.35.23.png||height="30" width="135"]] and the following variables for power channels:
165
166 * ea_imp - energy A+
167 * ea_exp - energy A-
168 * er_imp - energy R+
169 * er_exp - energy R-
170 * pa_imp - power A+
171 * pa_exp - power A-
172 * pr_imp - R+ power
173 * pr_exp is the power of R-
174 * ra_imp - A+ readings
175 * ra_exp - A- readings
176 * rr_imp - R+ readings
177 * rr_exp - R- readings
178
179 == 5.3.  Calculated channels via Information Model ==
180
181 For calculation channels of the same type, it is possible to define custom formulas that operate based on Information Model objects and their attributes. In addition to tags and channels, the Information Model can also supply supplementary data (e.g., reference information). To create a template, click the create template button [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.36.34.png||height="27" width="26"]] as shown in Fig. 5.4.
182
183 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.37.01.png||height="114" width="566"]]
184
185 Fig. 5.4 – Creating a Formula Template
186
187 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.37.47.png||height="628" width="566"]]
188
189 Figure 5.5. Creating custom formula
190
191 As shown in Fig. 5.5, the custom formula creation window requires input of the formula name, an optional identifier code, and the formula expression. An example demonstrating the calculation of losses in cable lines is provided in Fig. 5.6.
192
193 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.38.43.png||height="289" width="566"]]
194
195 Figure 5.6. Calculation formula
196
197 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.39.09.png||height="439" width="719"]]
198
199 Figure 5.7. Using calculation formula
200
201 Fig. 5.7 shows the application of the calculation formula:
202 3*IM{Object identifier IM}.r_ohm_per_km*pow(agg("mean","{line current}","{Interval}"),2)*0.001, where:
203
204 * **IM{Identifier of the IM object}. r_ohm_per_km **– reference to the value of the attribute with the code **" r_ohm_per_km " "** of the information model object
205 * **Pow **– exponentiation
206 * **Agg **is an aggregation function
207 * **Mean **– average value for the time interval
208 * **{line current} **– a link to the tag ID
209 * **{Interval} **– data interval.
210
211 The braces **{ }** contain the arguments that need to be entered in the data entry fields as in Fig. 5.7.
212
213 == 5.4. Downloading/Uploading calculated channels ==
214
215 The** Downloading/Uploading configuration files** page (Settings > Configuration files) provides functionality for importing and exporting calculation metering channels using Excel files.
216
217 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.40.46.png||height="527" width="1219"]]
218
219 Figure 5.8. Excel file
220
221 Fig. 5.8 shows an example of an Excel file with calculated metering channels, which allows adding new channels, as well as adjusting existing ones. All the necessary functions for entering formulas are available in formula reference interface, as well as in Table 5.1.
222
223 Table 5.1. Functions used in formulas.
224
225 |Function|Description|Example
226 |diff|Calculating increments from accrual (readings) by channel|diff([dev-2-214]) - calculation of increments from the cumulative total (readings) on channel 214 of device 2
227 |mean|Average Time Interval|mean by the ID10001 tag for a 1-hour time interval
228 |integral|Integral of Values|Integral by tag ID40011100 in a 1-hour time interval
229 |first|Indication at the beginning of the interval|first([ti50206_type5], 3600, 0, 0) – calculation of readings based on the ID50206 tag at the beginning of the interval, calculated every hour
230
231 = 6. RECEIPT OF ACCOUNTING DATA =
232
233 The** Analysis of the receipt of data** page is the same for all types of metering. It is described in details in the "User manual"
234
235 == 6.1. Manual polling ==
236
237 If it is necessary to re-acquire data from metering devices, a manual poll should be performed. To do this, navigate to the **Receipt of metering data** page (Analysis > Receipt of metering data). This action opens the **Analysis of the receipt of data** interface (see Fig. 6.1)
238
239 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.44.01.png||height="639" width="1295"]]
240
241 Figure 6.1. Analysis of the receipt of data
242
243 In the device tree, select the required metering point, find the missing data profiles and click on the button[[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.45.10.png||height="25" width="95"]]that instructs the polling service to request an archive from the selected device for the selected interval. After pressing the button, a message about the number of devices to be polled and the time interval will be displayed on the screen. If a message pops up that the operation may take a long time (see Fig. 6.2), it is recommended to reduce the number of devices or the scanning depth (see Fig. 6.3).
244
245 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.46.01.png||height="180" width="436"]]
246
247 Figure 6.2. Message when the number of devices or the polling depth is exceeded.
248
249 If the limit is not exceeded, a window pops up:
250
251 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.46.40.png||height="175" width="439"]]
252
253 Figure 6.3. Confirmation of the start of the survey
254
255 The **Refresh** button requeries the data from the database for the current view.
256
257 == 6.2. Recalculation of calculated channels ==
258
259 In case of changes in the data used in the calculation channels or changes in the calculation formulas, it is necessary to recalculate the values of the calculated channels. This is performed in the **Analysis of the receipt of data** interface (Analysis > Receipt of metering data). The button [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.47.46.png||height="20" width="70"]] appears if the devices to which the calculated channels are bound are selected in the tree.
260
261 If the data used in calculated channels or the calculation formulas themselves are modified, it is necessary to recalculate the values of the calculated channels. This operation is performed through the **Analysis of the receipt of data** interface (Analysis > Receipt of metering data). The recalculation button becomes available when the devices associated with the calculated channels are selected in the tree."
262
263 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.48.31.png||height="173" width="441"]]
264
265 Figure 6.4. Recalculation of channels
266
267 At the end of the recalculation process, the information on the **Analysis of metering data** page (Analysis > Metering data) will be updated.
268
269 = 7. ANALYSIS OF METERING DATA =
270
271 == 7.1. Viewing metering data ==
272
273 To view historical data on electricity/energy metering, select **Metering data** in the drop-down list of the **Analysis** menu. As a result, the** Analysis of data metering** page opens (see Fig 7.1 – Fig. 7.2).
274
275 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.50.11.png||height="533" width="767"]]
276
277 Figure 7.1. Charts for electricity channels
278
279 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.50.35.png||height="533" width="767"]]
280
281 Figure 7.2. Charts for energy resources channels
282
283 A more detailed description of this interface is described in the "User manual".
284
285 == 7.2. Metering data manual entry ==
286
287 With the appropriate rights, the User can make a manual entry of metering data. To do this, you hover the cursor over the desired cell in the table, perform a left click of the mouse and enter a new value, after which the save value icon appears on the right side of the input field [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.51.39.png]]. Press it or //Enter// on your keyboard, and the value goes to the CENTO database. For devices where only manual data entry is provided, CENTO has developed a procedure for filling the cells between two manual entries. If readings are recorded at 10:00 a.m. and then again at 8:00 p.m., the system automatically fills in the readings for all intermediate intervals. For electricity metering channels, the system additionally calculates and populates the corresponding energy and power values.
288
289 Manual entry of credentials is also available using an .xlsx file.
290
291 The **Download** button allows downloading the selected metering channels to the User's computer in .xlsx format. The downloaded file can be used for manual entry of metering data. To perform manual entry, open the file in the editor. Then enter new data in the fields, mark them **in bold** and save the file [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.52.15.png||height="25" width="66"]] in the CENTO interface. This opens a file upload window with a prompt for use (Fig. 7.3).
292
293 [[image:Screenshot 2025-11-30 at 16.52.51.png||height="323" width="436"]]
294
295 Figure 7.3. Uploading file
296
297